MOULTRIE —
A soil moisture monitoring system new to Sunbelt Agricultural Exposition can help conserve water and allow farmers to irrigate before plants become stressed from lack of water.
In one instance this year in Mitchell County, a farmer using the system saved an estimated three inches of irrigation.
Over an 8,000-acre field, that amounts to 6.5 million fewer gallons of water pumped on the field, said Rad Yager, a Dougherty County cooperative extension agent who also does research at the C.M. Stripling Irrigation Research Park outside Camilla.
For the farmer, that means 1,120 fewer gallons of diesel used to pump that water, which at $3 a gallon means $3,360 in fuel savings, Yager said.
Probes measure soil moisture at five different depths in four-inch intervals, providing a better picture than can be gained from a hand probe or shovel. The solar-powered transmitter in the field sends information to farmers’ offices or a laptop computer in a pickup truck. The information is updated each 15 minutes.
“I like to think of it in terms of a rain gauge in the soil,” Yager said. “This shows you what happens to the moisture in the dirt.”
The systems are expensive, costing up to $5,000, but also are available to lease for $2,200 per year.
In some situations it can be worth the cost, Yager said.
“It’s an investment where if you have water restrictions or water limitations, or you have a high-value crop that’s water sensitive, those are situations where it makes sense,” he said.
In corn, for example, farmers can irrigate less heavily early and late in the season, when water uses is not as great, but ensure sufficient water during the crucial part of the season to maximize yield, Yager said. They also can delay turning on the irrigation pumps and wait for a rain at certain times.
For David Reckford, director of the Flint River Basin Partnership, the fate of species threatened by diminished river flows, such as mussels, are a concern. The partnership includes the Georgia Corn Association, the Nature Conservancy, and the Coca-Cola Co., which provided five of the soil moisture monitoring systems last year.
About 61 of the systems are in operation in the Lower Flint River Basin, with 54 of those going in this year through a federal program.
The 54 probes cover 5,000 acres on 27 farms in the Flint River basin.
The five-year program to provide advanced irrigation practices, now in its third year, is available through the U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service.
“Our goal is not just to conserve water, it’s to improve the earnings of the farmer,” Reckford said.
Michael Williams, farm manager at Expo, said the moisture sensors have worked particularly well in corn.
“The benefit is you get to see the moisture level at several different stages, so you can kind of predict when stress is going to come about in the corn stalk,” he said. “By predicting that oncoming stress, you can prevent that stress and you can bring it out of stress.
“I can go onto the Web site and I can check it at any time. You can go from the bottom (soil) upwards. You can see when that moisture is going to reach the root.”
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